The COVID-19 pandemic brought a wave of change to daily life, including a significant surge in pet adoptions, particularly dogs. As people found themselves with more time at home, many decided to bring a new puppy into their lives, seeking companionship during the lockdown. However, the return to normalcy has revealed a complex reality for these "pandemic puppies" and their owners. A recent study by the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) has highlighted the behavioural challenges that many owners face, shedding light on the unintended consequences of this adoption boom.
The Pandemic Puppy Surge
During the pandemic, the UK saw a substantial increase in pet dog ownership, with approximately 12 million pet dogs reported by UK Pet Food in 2023. The surge was fuelled by the desire for companionship and the perceived opportunity for training and bonding during lockdown. However, as restrictions eased and people returned to work and social activities, many new dog owners found themselves unprepared for the challenges of raising and training a puppy.
Behavioural Issues on the Rise
According to the RVC's research, 97% of pandemic puppy owners reported at least one problem behavior from a list of 24 potential issues. The most common problems included pulling on the lead, jumping up at people, and poor recall. More concerning, about 25% of owners noted aggressive behaviours in their dogs. These issues were not limited to inexperienced owners; even those with prior experience reported difficulties, suggesting that the unique circumstances of the pandemic had a broad impact.
Phil Wright, an experienced dog owner, shared his struggles with his two black Labradors, Scout and Harper. Acquired during the early stages of the pandemic, both dogs developed severe separation anxiety, a common issue among pandemic puppies. Wright noted that the constant presence during lockdown and the lack of socialisation opportunities contributed significantly to these behavioural problems.
The Role of Training and Socialisation
One critical factor contributing to the rise in behavioural issues is the lack of proper socialisation during crucial developmental stages. Dr. Rowena Packer, a lecturer in companion animal behavior and welfare science at the RVC, emphasised that many new owners underestimated the responsibility and complexity of training a dog. Without regular exposure to various environments, people, and other dogs, many puppies missed out on essential learning experiences.
The RVC's study also found that while 96% of owners used positive reinforcement techniques, a worrying 82% also employed punishment-based methods like choke chains, shouting, or pushing their dogs. These methods, often recommended on social media or by unqualified sources, can exacerbate behavioural problems and cause further stress for the animals.
Seeking Solutions and Support
Despite the challenges, there is hope for owners struggling with pandemic puppies. The RVC advises that owners facing behavioural issues should consult with professionals, such as veterinarians or certified trainers, rather than relying solely on friends, family, or online advice. The Animal Behaviour Training Council offers resources and guidance for those needing expert help.
Additionally, owners who missed out on puppy classes during the lockdown can still seek specialised training to address behavioural issues. Consistent, positive reinforcement-based training methods are crucial for addressing and managing undesirable behaviours, ensuring a healthy and positive relationship between dogs and their owners.
Conclusion: A Long-Term Commitment
The pandemic puppy phenomenon underscores the importance of understanding the long-term commitment involved in dog ownership. While the appeal of a new puppy was strong during the lockdown, the reality of training and managing a dog through various life stages requires time, patience, and often professional support. As the world returns to normal, ensuring the welfare and well-being of these animals remains a priority, highlighting the need for ongoing education and resources for all dog owners.
For Phil Wright and many others, the journey with their pandemic puppies continues, filled with challenges and rewards. "They are great, beautiful, friendly, but just a nightmare when they are out on a lead," Wright reflects, a sentiment shared by many who are navigating the post-lockdown world with their new furry companions.